
Normal level of blood
pressure is 120/80mm Hg.
Pre
hypertension range is 120-139 or 80-89 mm hg.
Stage 1 Hypertension is 140 to 159 mm Hg systolic or
90 to 99 mm Hg diastolic .
Stage 2 Hypertension is 160 or higher systolic Or
100 or higher diastolic.
Hypertensive crisis is when blood pressure above 180mm
Hg systolic or above 110mm Hg diastolic.
Causes of Hypertension are:1.Age :- everyone is at
greater risk of Hypertension as get
older.
2. Size:- Being overweight or obese is key risk
factor for Hypertension.
3. Sex:- Males are more prone in younger age and
women at older age
4. Lifestyle:- Greater intake of dietary salt, Excessive
alcohol, Low dietary potassium, Physical
inactivity, Hereditary causes and family history, Chronic poorly managed stress
5.Other causes :- Diabetes Mellitus, Kidney
diseases, Pheochromocytoma, Cushing syndrome, Congential abdominal hyperplasia
, Hyperthyroidism, Hyperparathyroidism, Pregnancy, sleep apnea.
Symptoms: Hypertension per say does not causes
symptoms but Hypertension can cause by quietly damaging Cardiovascular system.
·
It causes Arteriosclerosis which means hardening
of arterial walls , this will cause complications like Enlarged or weakened
heart.
·
It can results in Aneurysm which is abnormal
bulging of wall of artery),
·
Blood vessel narrowing can cause Kidney
failure, Heart failure,
·
It can
diminishes blood supply to brain and legs,
·
Stroke
·
Chronic Heart Diseases
High Blood Pressure is diagnosed by measuring Blood
Pressure by using instrument named sphygmomanometer.
Treatment of hypertension: Lifestyle changes not
only for treatment but also for prevention of diseases which includes Salt
restriction, moderation of alcohol consumption, High consumption of vegetables
and fruits and low fats. Reducing weight and maintaining it. Regular physical
exercise. Stress reduction .Drug treatment for hypertension are diuretics, beta
and alpha blockers, calcium channel blockers, central agonists, peripheral adrenergic
inhibitors, vasodialtors, ACE inhibitors, Angiotensin receptive blockers,
Choice of the drugs depends upon individuals and any
other condition they may have, while single drug is used in monotherapy but we
can use combination for two drugs as and when they are required.
Hypertension
and Stroke:
Stroke:- is a disease that affects the blood vessels
supplying the brain. Stroke occurs when blood vessel is blocked by clot is
called ischemic stroke , or blood vessels bursts and bleeds into brain
parenchyma hemorrhagic stroke. High blood pressure can damage arteries
throughout the body. About 87% of strokes are ischemic and 13 % of stroke are hemorrhagic
stroke.
Warning sign are FAST:
F
Face dropping to one side, Ask the person to smile , Is person’s smile uneven ?
A
Arm weakness, one arm will be weak or numb, Ask person to raise both the arms,
does one arm drift downwards?
S
Speech Difficulty, Is speech slurred? Is person unable to speak or hard to
understand?
T
Time to call , its emergency.
High blood pressure is very dangerous for health. It is a coomon disease which needs to be cured asap. A very informative post on hypertension.
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Hypertension is a serious disease that is common in older people who need to understand how to control blood pressure and prevent complications.
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